Patient involvement in clinical research: why, when, and how

Patient involvement in clinical research: why, when, and how

The development of a patient-centered approach to medicine is gradually allowing more patients to be involved in their own medical decisions. However, this change is not happening at the same rate in clinical research, where research generally continues to be carried out on patients, but not with patients. This work describes the why, when, and how of more active patient participation in the re...

Application of qualitative research in management (why, when and how)

Application of qualitative research in management (why, when and how) Qualitative research has been increasingly used in all sciences. In this paper we will discuss about the applications of qualitative research methods in management sciences. The differences between quantitative and qualitative researches will be clarified and the statistical methods which are suitable for such researches will...

The Why, Who, What, How, and When of Patient Engagement in Healthcare Organizations: A Response to Recent Commentaries

Governing geoengineering research: why, when and how?

Research on geoengineering – deliberate management of the Earth’s climate system – is being increasingly discussed within the science and policy communities. While justified as necessary in order to expand the range of options available to policy makers in the future, geoengineering research has already engendered public controversy. Proposed projects have been protested or cancelled, and calls...

Vitamin D supplementation in fractured patient: how, when and why.

Vitamin D, through its action on calcium metabolism, is essential for bone physiology. It's also required in a wide range of biological systems to act modulating the proliferation and inducing terminal differentiation of a variety of normal cells. Actually vitamin D deficiency can impact muscle function and increases fall risk in elderly, while severe vitamin D deficiency (< 30 nmol/L) is commo...